Analisis Kesalahan Siswa SMK dalam Menyelesaikan Soal Olimpiade ditinjau dari Teori Nolting
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30656/0k7yyh06Abstrak
Abstrak
Soal Gema Lomba Matematika (GLM) menuntut kemampuan berpikir tingkat tinggi sehingga banyak siswa yang mengalami kendala teknis maupun non-teknis pada saat menyelesaikan soal. Sehingga perlu dilakukan analisis terhadap kesalahan jawaban siswa dalam menjawab soal GLM. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jenis dan penyebab kesalahan siswa finalis SMK dalam menjawab soal final Gema Lomba Matematika tahun 2025 materi statistika ditinjau dari Teori Nolting. Metode yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif dengan subjek penelitian terdiri dari enam orang yang dipilih melalui teknik purporive sampling. Instrumen yang digunakan yaitu soal final GLM SMK tahun 2025 yang berbentuk uraian dengan tipe HOTS. Data dikumpulkan melalui tes dan wawancara. Analisis difokuskan pada satu soal HOTS materi statistika Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa siswa mengalami enam jenis kesalahan yaitu misread-directions errors (17%), careless errors (33%), concept errors (67%), application errors (83%), test-taking errors (33%), study errors (67%). Faktor penyebab kesalahan mencakup rendahnya pemahaman konseptual, kurangnya latihan soal, rendahnya kemampuan memodelkan masalah matematis, ketelitian, kepercayaan diri, kepanikan, dan manajemen waktu. Temuan ini dapat dijadikan acuan oleh guru atau pembina untuk merancang pembelajaran yang lebih menekankan pada pemahaman konseptual, dan latihan soal-soal HOTS serta dapat dijadikan refleksi bagi siswa untuk lebih mempersiapkan diri mengikuti kompetisi.
Kata kunci: Analisis Kesalahan; Kompetisi Matematika; Teori NoltingAbstract
The problems used in the Gema Lomba Matematika (GLM) require higher-order thinking skills, causing many students to experience both technical and non-technical difficulties when solving them. Therefore, an analysis of students’ errors in answering GLM problems is necessary. This study aims to identify the types and causes of errors made by vocational high school (SMK) finalists in solving the 2025 GLM final-round statistics problem based on Nolting’s Error Theory. This research employed a descriptive qualitative approach with six participants selected through purposive sampling. The research instrument was a HOTS-based essay problem from the 2025 SMK GLM final. Data were collected through written tests and interviews. The analysis focused on one HOTS problem in the topic of statistics. The results showed that students made six types of errors: misread-directions errors (17%), careless errors (33%), concept errors (67%), application errors (83%), test-taking errors (33%), and study errors (67%). The causes of these errors included low conceptual understanding, lack of practice with HOTS-type problems, weak mathematical modeling ability, lack of accuracy, low self-confidence, panic, and poor time management. These findings can serve as a reference for teachers and coaches in designing instruction that emphasizes conceptual understanding and practice with HOTS problems, as well as a reflection for students to better prepare themselves for mathematics competitions.
Keywords: Error Analysis; Mathematics Competition; Nolting’s Theory
Diterbitkan
Terbitan
Bagian
Lisensi
Hak Cipta (c) 2026 Putu Sutama, Nyoman Arda Wibawa

Artikel ini berlisensiCreative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish articles in GAUSS : JURNAL PENDIDIKAN MATEMATIKA agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal the right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) before and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).


