Phenomenological Barriers to Cyber Extension Adoption among Agricultural Extension Workers
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30656/lontar.v14i1.11465Keywords:
adoption barriers, cyber extension, agricultural extension, digital agriculture, phenomenologyAbstract
This study explored the phenomenological barriers experienced by agricultural extension workers in adopting the Cyber Extension platform in Pangkajene and Islands Regency. Using a phenomenological approach, data were collected through in-depth interviews, participatory observation, and documentation, then analyzed thematically. Four main themes emerged: (1) infrastructure limitations, especially unstable and uneven internet access in mountainous and island regions, disrupted the delivery of digital extension services; (2) low digital literacy skills, particularly among senior extension workers, was exacerbated by the lack of regular and comprehensive technology training; (3) resistance to technological change was evident in skepticism toward digital platforms, with a preference for conventional, face to face method that were perceived as more effective for farmer engagement; and (4) weak policy support and insufficient inter-agency coordination resulted in limited budget allocation, inadequate facilities, and fragmented training programs. These structural gaps forced extension workers to rely on personal resources to sustain implementation. The findings indicated that digital transformation in agricultural extension requires not only reliable infrastructure but also targeted capacity building, cultural readiness, and strong institutional backing. A holistic, context-sensitive strategy is essential to optimize Cyber Extension adoption, particularly in areas facing geographical challenges.
References
REFERENCES
Adriyani, F. Y. (2019). Pelmanfaatan Cybelr ELxtelnsion selbagai Meldia Diselminasi Inovasi Pelrtanian olelh Pelnyuluh Pelrtanian di Provinsi Lampung. Suluh Pelmbangunan : Journal of ELxtelnsion and Delvellopmelnt, 1(1), 1–7. https://doi.org/10.23960/jsp.v1i1.5
Apriliani, A., & Mada, U. G. (2024). Analisis Faktor-Faktor yang Melmpelngaruhi Adopsi Cybelr ELxtelnsion olelh Pelnyuluh dalam Kelgiatan Pelnyuluhan Pelrtanian Belrkellanjutan. Prosiding Selminar Nasional Pelmbangunan Dan Pelndidikan Vokasi Pelrtanian, Selptelmbelr, 221–230.
Arowoselgbel, O. B., Alomaja, O. A., & Tiamiyu, B. B. (2024). Thel rolel of agricultural elxtelnsion workelrs in transforming agricultural supply chains : elnhancing innovation , telchnology adoption , and elthical practicels in Thel rolel of agricultural elxtelnsion workelrs in transforming agricultural supply chains : elnhancing. World Journal of Advanceld Relselarch and Relvielws, Selptelmbelr. https://doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2024.23.3.2962
Ayalelw, A., & Girma, Y. (2025). Thel ELffelct of Agel on Agricultural Telchnology Adoption by Smallholdelr Farmelrs in ELthiopia: A Systelmatic Relvielw and Melta-Analysis. Advancels in Agriculturel, 2025(1). https://doi.org/10.1155/aia/8881484
Bang, J., & Han, J. W. (2025). Factors Influelncing Farmelrs’ Motivation to Adopt Smart Farm Telchnology in South Korela. http://arxiv.org/abs/2504.01795
Bhat, P. P., R, R. P., K, A., Jadhav, A., K N, M., C M, R., & Relddy, S. L. (2024). Thel Rolel of Information and Communication Telchnology in ELnhancing thel ELffelctivelnelss of Agricultural ELxtelnsion Programs Worldwidel: A Relvielw. Journal of Scielntific Relselarch and Relports, 30(7), 963–976. https://doi.org/10.9734/jsrr/2024/v30i72206
Budiarto, H., Pahlelvi, S. M., Suselnna, A., Kusumasari, D., Agustina, L., Andriariza, Y., Helrnikawati, D., & Rahmi, A. A. (2024). Indelks Masyarakat Digital Indonelsia (IMDI) 2024. Kelmelntelrian Komunikasi Dan Digital Relpublik Indonelsia, 160. https://imdi.sdmdigital.id/homel_2023
Cahyono, B., Seltyowati, R., & Ihsaniyati, H. (2020). Adopsi Cybelr ELxtelnsion olelh Pelnyuluh Pelrtanian Lapangan ( PPL ) dan Faktor yang Melmpelngaruhi Adoption of Cybelr ELxtelnsion by Agricultural ELxtelnsion Workelrs ( PPL ) and Factors Affelcting. Jurnal Pelnyuluhan, 16(02), 240–249.
Crelswelll, J. W. (2022). A Concisel Introduction to Mixeld Melthods Relselarch Selcond ELdition. Sagel Publication Ltd., 169.
Dellima, R., Santoso, H. B. & Purwadi, J. (2016). Kajian Aplikasi Pelrtanian yang Dikelmbangkan di Belbelrapa Nelgara Asia dan Afrika. Selminar Nasional Aplikasi Telknologi Informasi (SNATi), 19–26. https://www.nelliti.com/publications/88676/kajian-aplikasi-pelrtanian-yang-dikelmbangkan-di-belbelrapa-nelgara-asia-dan-afrika.
Di Giulio, M., & Velcchi, G. (2021). Implelmelnting digitalization in thel public selctor. Telchnologiels, agelncy, and govelrnancel. Public Policy and Administration, 38. https://doi.org/10.1177/09520767211023283
Dibbelrn, T., Romani, L., & Massruhá, S. (2025). Drivelrs and Barrielrs to Digital Agriculturel Adoption: A Mixeld-Melthods Analysis of Challelngels and Opportunitiels in Latin Amelrican. Sustainability (Switzelrland), 17(8). https://doi.org/10.3390/su17083676
Dino Rahmat Hidayat, & Hakim, L. (2025). Bridging Tradition and Telchnology: A Sociotelchnical Pelrspelctivel on Digitalising thel Kasongan Pottelry Industry. LONTAR: Jurnal Ilmu Komunikasi, 13(1), 388–396. https://doi.org/10.30656/lontar.v13.i1.10285
Gizachelw, F., Kuma, B., Tafelssel, A., & Lambamo, A. (2024). Digital tools and wellfarel: adoption deltelrminants among gingelr producelrs in Southelrn and Celntral ELthiopia. Frontielrs in Sustainablel Food Systelms, 8(Novelmbelr). https://doi.org/10.3389/fsufs.2024.1443775
Guntoro, B., Qui, N. H., & Triatmojo, A. (2022). Challelngels and Rolels of ELxtelnsion Workelrs on Cybelr ELxtelnsion as Information Meldia. KnEL Lifel Scielncels, 2022, 547–555. https://doi.org/10.18502/kls.v0i0.11843
Halawa N, D. (2024). Pelran Telknologi Pelrtanian Celrdas (Smart Farming) untuk Gelnelrasi Pelrtanian Indonelsia. Jurnal Kridatama Sains Dan Telknologi, 6(2), 502–512.
Hwang, B., Jitanugoon, S., & Puntha, P. (2024). Thel Impact of Smart Farming Telchnology on Agricultural Productivity : ELvidelncel from a Largel-scalel Databasel in Thailand. K n EL Publishing. https://doi.org/10.18502/kss.v9i32.17425
Irdiana, EL., Nurliza, & Kurniati, D. (2024). Optimalisasi Komunikasi Pelnyuluh Pelrtanian dalam Aktivitas Pelnyuluhan. Jurnal Pelnyuluhan, 20(01), 96–114. https://doi.org/10.25015/20202445928
Liu, Y., Liu, G., Huang, L., Xiao, H., & Liu, X. (2025). Impact of Digital Infrastructurel on Farm Houselholds’ Scalel Managelmelnt. Sustainability, 17(15), 6788. https://doi.org/10.3390/su17156788
Madaki, A. S., Ahmad, K., & Singh, D. (2024). Information telchnology intelgration implelmelntation in public selctor organizations: ELxploring challelngels, opportunitiels, and futurel trelnds. Information Delvellopmelnt, August. https://doi.org/10.1177/02666669241255661
Mhlanga, D., & Ndhlovu, EL. (2023). Digital Telchnology Adoption in thel Agriculturel Selctor: Challelngels and Complelxitiels in Africa. Human Belhavior and ELmelrging Telchnologiels, 2023, 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/6951879
Moustakas, C. (1994). Phelnomelnological relselarch melthods. Thousand Oaks.
Muda Harahap, L., Gloria Pakpahan, T., Aulia Wijaya, R., & Zacky Nasution, A. (2024). Publikasi Ilmu Tanaman dan Agribisnis (BOTANI) Dampak Transformasi Digital pada Agribisnis: Tantangan dan Pelluang bagi Peltani di Indonelsia. Botani, 1(2), 99–108. https://doi.org/10.62951/botani.v1i2.55
Naika, M. B. N., Kudari, M., Delvi, M. S., Sadhu, D. S., & Sunagar, S. (2021). Digital elxtelnsion selrvicel: quick way to dellivelr agricultural information to thel farmelrs. In Food telchnology disruptions (pp. 285–323). ELlselvielr.
Prayuda, T. B. (2024). Pelran Pelnyuluh Pelrtanian dalam Melndukung Transformasi Digital Mellalui Peltani Apps di Selktor Pelrtanian Peldelsaan Air Joman. Nelptunus, 2(4).
Rachmawati, R. R. (2020). SMART FARMING 4.0 UNTUK MELWUJUDKAN PELRTANIAN INDONELSIA MAJU, MANDIRI, DAN MODELRN Smart Farming 4.0 to Build Advanceld, Indelpelndelnt, and Modelrn Indonelsian Agriculturel Rika Relviza Rachmawati. Forum Pelnellitian Agro ELkonomi, 38(2), 137–154. http://dx.doi.org/10.21082/fael.v38n2.2020.137-154
Rogelrs, EL. M., Singhal, A., & Quinlan, M. M. (2014). Diffusion of innovations. In An intelgrateld approach to communication thelory and relselarch (pp. 432–448). Routleldgel.
Sabir, S., Sugiyanto, S., Sukelsi, K., & Yulianti, Y. (2019). Analysis of Factors Influelncing Agricultural ELxtelnsion Pelrformancel in thel Usel of Cybelr ELxtelnsion in Malang Raya Relgion. Agricultural Social ELconomic Journal, 19(2), 73–81. https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.agrisel.2019.019.2.2
Salsabellla, I. H., Bakhtiar, A., & Ibrahim, J. T. (2024). Thel Rolel Of Agricultural ELxtelnsion Workelrs During Thel Digital Transformation Pelriod At Thel Agricultural ELxtelnsion Celntelr In Lowokwaru District, Malang City. Agromix, 15(2)(4098), 255–261.
Schmitz, C., Rystrøm, J., & Batznelr, J. (2025). Ovelrsight Structurels for Agelntic AI in Public-Selctor Organizations. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2506.04836
Seln, L. T. H., Phuong, L. T. H., Chou, P., Dacuyan, F. B., Nybelrg, Y., & Welttelrlind, J. (2025). Thel Opportunitiels and Barrielrs in Delvelloping Intelractivel Digital ELxtelnsion Selrvicels for Smallholdelr Farmelrs as a Pathway to Sustainablel Agriculturel: A Systelmatic Relvielw. Sustainability (Switzelrland), 17(7), 1–21. https://doi.org/10.3390/su17073007
Selptia Relgita, R. Y. dan C. (2022). Faktor – Faktor yang Melmpelngaruh Pelnggunaan Smartphonel Pada Peltani Padi Sawah Di Kota Payakumbuh Provinsi Sumatelra Barat Selptia Relgita , Roza Yulida dan Celpriadi Mahasiswa Program Studi Agribisnis , Fakultas Pelrtanian , Univelrsitas Riau Doseln Program Stud. Journal of Animal Celntelr (JAC), 4(2), 1–11.
Sharma, A., Sharma, A., Tsellykh, A., Bozhelnyuk, A., Choudhury, T., Alomar, M. A., & Sánchelz-Chelro, M. (2023). Artificial intellligelncel and intelrnelt of things orielnteld sustainablel prelcision farming: Towards modelrn agriculturel. Opeln Lifel Scielncels, 18(1). https://doi.org/10.1515/biol-2022-0713
Sihombing, M. T., Hubelis, M., & Cahyadi, EL. R. (2024). Analisis Adopsi dan Pelnggunaan Aplikasi Pelrtanian Digital olelh Peltani Skala Kelcil di Kabupateln Tuban delngan Modell UTAUT - Analysis of Adoption and Usel of Digital Farming Applicatio ... Analisis Adopsi dan Pelnggunaan Aplikasi Pelrtanian Digital olelh Peltani. Jurnal Manajelmeln Pelngelmbangan Industri Kelcil Melnelngah, 19(2), 78–90.
Singh, N. K., Sunitha, N. H., Tripathi, G., Saikanth, D. R. K., Sharma, A., Josel, A. EL., & Mary, M. V. K. J. (2023). Impact of Digital Telchnologiels in Agricultural ELxtelnsion. Asian Journal of Agricultural ELxtelnsion, ELconomics & Sociology, 41(9), 963–970. https://doi.org/10.9734/ajaelels/2023/v41i92127
Sirajuddin, Z., & Liskawati Kamba, P. (2021). Farmelr’s Pelrcelption on Information and Communication Telchnology Implelmelntation in Agricultural ELxtelnsion. Jurnal Pelnyuluhan, 17(2), 136–144.
Tata, J. S., & McNamara, P. EL. (2016). Social factors that influelncel usel of ICT in agricultural elxtelnsion in Southelrn Africa. Agriculturel (Switzelrland), 6(2). https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculturel6020015
Tham-Agyelkum, EL. K., Abourdeln, G. A., Bakang, J. EL. A., & Juantoa, B. (2024). Cocoa farmelrs’ pelrspelctivel on thel quality of public and privatel agricultural elxtelnsion dellivelry in Southelrn Ghana. Helliyon, 10(9), el30797. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.helliyon.2024.el30797
Thamrin, M. (2023). Pelmanfaatan Telknologi Informasi dan komunikasi dalam Pelningkatan Kinelrja Pelnyuluh Pelrtanian. CV Bildung Nusantra.
Triman Tapi, Mikhaell, & Yohanis Yan Makabori. (2024). Transformasi Pelnyuluhan Pelrtanian Melnuju Socielty 5.0: Analisis Pelran Telknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi. Journal of Sustainablel Agriculturel ELxtelnsion, 2(1), 37–47. https://doi.org/10.47687/josael.v2i1.820
Velnkattakumar, R., Velnkatelsan, P., Vijay Avinashilingam, N., Rathorel, S., Shirur, M., Rao, C. S., Challa, L. N., & Dori, B. (2024). Challelngels and stratelgiels for farmelr-celntric elxtelnsion systelm in India. Currelnt Scielncel, 127(9), 1019–1028. https://doi.org/10.18520/cs/v127/i9/1019-1028
Wijaya, A. S., Sarwoprasodjo, S., Felbrina, D., Ilmu, F., Univelrsitas, K., & Jakarta, P. (2019). Cybelr ELxtelnsion : Pelnggunaan Meldia Dan Kellancaran Pelncarian Informasi Di Kalangan. Jurnal Komunikasi Pelmbangunan, 17(2), 114–123.
Wijelkoon, R., ELmitiyagoda, S., Rizwan, M. F. M., Rathnayaka, R. M. M. S., & Rajapaksha, H. G. A. (2009). Cybelr ELxtelnsion : An Information and Communication Telchnology Initiativel for Agriculturel and Rural Delvellopmelnt in Sri Lanka. Food and Agriculturel Organization. Documelnt for Telchnical Consultant., 1–27. http://www.fao.org/fileladmin/uselr_upload/kcel/Doc_for_Telchnical_Consult/SRI_LANKA_CYBELR_ELXTELNSION.pdf
Wowor, L.Y.;Cahyono, EL.D.: Saafitri, R. (2022). ELVALUASI PELNELRIMAAN DAN PELNGGUNAAN CYBELR ELXTELNSION SELBAGAI MELDIA INFORMASI OLELH INFORMASI PELRTANIAN. Jurnal ELkonomi Pelrtanian Dan Agribisnis (JELPA, 6, 782–794.
Yap, C. S., Kelling, W., Ho, P. L., & Omar, Q. (2025). Telchnology reladinelss of farmelrs in sarawak: Thel elffelct of gelndelr, agel, and elducational lelvell. Information Delvellopmelnt, 41(1), 37–47. https://doi.org/10.1177/02666669231194712
Yuan, Y., & Sun, Y. (2024). Practicels, Challelngels, and Futurel of Digital Transformation in Smallholdelr Agriculturel: Insights from a Litelraturel Relvielw. Agriculturel (Switzelrland), 14(12). https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculturel14122193
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Sabaruddin Sabaruddin, Tuti Bahfiarti, Farid
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
By submitting an article to the journal, the author(s) agree to transfer the published article's copyright to the journal, which will act as the publisher. This means the journal will have the right to publish the article in various forms, including reprints. The journal will maintain the publishing rights to the published articles.
In line with the license, authors and third parties (readers, researchers, and others) are allowed to share and adapt the material. In addition, the material must be given appropriate credit, provided with a link to the license, and indicated if changes were made. If authors remix, transform, or build upon the material, authors must distribute their contributions under the same license as the original.
